Method of raising of forcing liquid.



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H. A. HUMPHREY & A. GERASOLIL METHOD 0F RAISING 0R FORCING LIQUID. APPLICATION LED AUG. 16, 1907.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Aug. 27, 1912.

UNITED sTATus PATENT OFFICE.

HERBERT A. HUMPHREY AND ALBERTO CERASOLI, O F LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNORS TO HUMPHREY GAS PUMP COMPANY, A CORPORATION. OF`NEW YORK.

METHOD OF RAISING 0R FORCING LIQUID.

specification of Letters Patent.

Application tiled August 16, 1907. Seiial No. 388,902.

T0 all wiz-0m t may concern Be it known that We, HERBERT ALFRED HUMPHREY, consulting` engineer, and AL- nun'ro Camsex/I, engineer, both subjects of the King of Great Britain, residing7 respectively, at 38 Victoria street, lVestrninster, 1n the county of London, England, and 18 Avenue road, Regentslark, in the county of London, England, have invented a certain new and useful improved Method of Raising or Forcing' Liquid, of Whichthe following is a specification.

Our invention relates to improved method of raising or forcing liquid, in which the liquid acts as a freely reciprocating piston and performs the functions 01"" a fly Wheel and the momentum thereof is utilized.

lt is known that advantage can be taken of the momentum ot a moving mass of liquid to causeA a pump to pass a larger volume of liquid than that calculated from the capacity and speed ot the pump. The moving' mass of liquid draws. more liquid through the inlet valve than would be taken in by the mere operation ot the pump.

The process ot raising` or forcing a liquid according to this invention consists in imparting a suitable momentum to a mass of the liquid by a propelling force, such as the combustion and consequent` expansion of a compressed combustible mixture, and causing` the kinetic energy, represented by this momentum, to introduce into the path of travel oli the moving liquid, or to the rear ot' the liquid being propelled forward, more liquid, and into the combustion space a fresh supply otl combustible mixture or the constituents oi such a mixture. A portion ot the liquid drawn is utilized in expellingr the productsof combustion from the combustion space, and, the momentum of the liquid returning vtoward the combustion space, under the pressure head to which it. has been forced, may be utilized in compressing the combustible charge before it is ignited. The advantage of this process is that there need be no piston, other than the liquid piston, and that no valve is required between .the combustion space and the column of'liquid which is being forced.

.teferringV to the drawings which illustrate, merely by way ot example, suitable means for effecting our inventionFigure l .is a longitudinal section of the expansion chamber end of such means. Fig. 2 its an end elevation of same. Fig. 3 is alongitudinal vertical section, on a reduced scale, showing the apparatus with high and low level reservoirs, the play pipe being` broken for considerations of space.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The combustion or expansion chamber a is provided With an inlet valve b for admission of combustible mixture, and an exhaust valve c for exit of burnt products. The lower part of the chamber communicates directly with the liquid conducting;- pipe ci leading, for example, to a reservoir at a higher lever than that of the pump. It will be understood that this play pipe l must be of sutlicient length to insure the acquisition by the liquid of the necessary momentum; the length will depend, of course, upon the dimensions of the apparatus, and speed of operation. It is assumed in this case, that the liquid level in the low level reservoir, from which the liquid is to be lifted, is approximately at A-A; it is then possible, as will presently be explained, to

cause part of the liquid which enters the apparatus to expel t-he products of combustion from the chamber a.

at a part of the pipe (Z near the chamber a is an intake branch e, normally' cut oli from the pipe by an intake valve f above which is a second intake valve g. These valves may be opened and closed in any suitable manner, the devices shown in the drawings, and presently to be described, be-

ing only a specific example and not essen- /tial to the invent-ion; ldlhatever mode of operation of the valve is adopted, however, it must be such as to allow the following working process :--Assuming the first intake valve f to be closed, and a charge of combustible mixture to be contained in chamber a, under the pressure produced by the pressure head and the momentum of the returning liquid, asaforesaid, this charge is ignited by any known ignition device, such as the spark plug a; explosion occurs. and the liquid is forced down the chamber a and along ipe (l.

When the llquid has attained a certain velocity, and thecombustion products have expanded to a certain'volume, the pressure ot' the` liquid from .the low llevel reservoir on the intake valve. f exceeds that of the Water .within ,the piped and .the gases in chamber Patented Auger, 191e.

i vie intake valve now opens and liquid nous into the pipe di to pass along with the iiquid moving therein, and also into the olmibuation chamber to expel the combustion products through the exhaust valve c, which.

opened in any suitable manner for the purpose. i

'llheintake valve is shut again in any suitable manner, such as that presently to he described, ivhile'the liquid in pipe f7. still has sutlicient momentum to cause some of the liquid., which has liou'ed int-o the con'ibustion chamber, to follow it into the pipe d. The valve l) at the same time opens and a fresh combustible charge is drawn into chamber a. lilhen the liquid in the pipe d comes to rest, it returns under the pressure head, aequiring momentum, and compresses the iiesh charge in the chamlier a, whereupon ignition occurs again and the cycle is repea ted p The nuuiliunislii shown in the drawings AJunoperatiup,u the valves may now be deseribed.

There are tivo liquid-intake valves and g in the intake, which are both shown, in the drawings, in the open position, this .representing the position of the parts 'when liquid derving into the apparatus. The stem olf valve g/ linked to an arm on a rocking "L h een remain in only one of two influence of any known depi'inp; rod 'i operating on an it .shaft it' turns in suitd hearings in the walls of a recess lie if, and to that. portion ot this h is 'within the intake, keyed a' f e and an arm m carrying at its A pawl n. The illustrated posiparts is nulintained by the ve- '1 die liquid llowing through the in :f ai'ufl past the valve f, into pipe d. this velocity falls below a certain emlaequent upon the fall of velocity f L l in 'pipe (i, the pressure on the lguiolgnnes less than the tension of i ied at one end to a lixed point al; the other lo an arm on the portion of shaft Il; Whieli extends outside. the intake liinte il is therefore drawn .inward i n trips arm y on the shaltt fr, thus the lutter sullieiently to allow the k,j :ed i to complete the movement and ilve Valve f remains open, because in that position, its stem f is in Contact with valve g and spring; rod 'i is stronger than spring f2. When the liquid returns in pipe d and the pressure in chamber o has risen above a eertain value, valve g is opened by this pressure, thus allowing' spring f2 immediately to 'clorvalif'e f. After expansion of` the combi, unige, when the pressure in. the ""pe :if has fallen below that in the intake,

*und and the pressure of the inlliquid forced t loivin, ,0F Water deflects the plate Z until pau'l n sli ps past the end of arm a, and engages therewith, ready for closingn the valve g, in the manner already described.

Since the exhaust valve c requires lo be opened when liquid is flowingr into pipe d, we have provided the lever o, linlied by link rod u to an arm on the shaft 7U, so that the deflection of plate l by the ilow of liquid through the intake causes the opening of the exhaust valve by depressing the valve stem against the tension of spring y. The return oit' the plate Z to its spring-aetuated position, due to the interrlqiition of such flow, actuates lever Q to pern'lit the return of valve f: to the closed position in response to the pressure of spring' y.

The admission'valve 7) premutcd from opening' when the valve g is open, by the en ungemein of a Collar r with the head :r of the valve stem. This (follar v1 is Carried by an arm on the shall. s `which is roelted by a li'nlt rod o eonnerling the seronll .firm tu ou shailit s, with an arm on shn'tt z. Then the valve g is shut` collar r is lowered, and the suction in the chamber o has only7 to over come the light- :sln'ingl l', in taking in a charge.

What u'e claim :m

l. The method u'hieh Consists in reeipro eatingr liquid, one movement of said reripro cation being due to au expansive "torcer` and utilizing' the monuuitunl olf the liquid, in ea-h rflirection ot 'is rafeiln'oralion whereby a, greater head or 'pressure, fresh liquid is i trmlured, burnt prodnels are expelled, and 'fresh exi'lansible charges are introduced and comprir sed.

The method which consists in causing the reciproeation of a body nl' liquid b v an expansive forze, utilizing' its mrunvnlnin to ent'uin fresh liquid whereby burnt profh ucts are displace/chute entrain a 'fresh 'expansible charge and f "ompre,` uuid. charge, and utilizingr the direction ot flow oll liquid lo control exit. for burnt produrls and inlet lor combustible charge.

3. The method whieh ronsists in reusing! the movement of a suitable body of liquid by an espa v n 'livrern lu-running' u return i'novement of liquid due lo head or pressure to 'which it has been toreed in the first movement and utilizing the n'ion'ientum of' the liquid toentrain and eol'nprfrss a fresh expansible charge.

4. The method which consists in causing the movement of a suitable. body of liquid in one direction by an expansive force, permitlingv a return movement due lo head or pressure after the first. movement utilizinpr the momentum of said body to produce a diminution of pressure to the rear of said body and thereby entrain a fresh expansible charge and utili/infr the inonunlum ol" u return stroke to eonuiress the el'lareje.

5. The method which consists in causing theA movement of a suitable body of liquid by an expansive force and utilizing its momentum to produce a diminution of pressure to the rear of said body whereby fresh lmentum to produce a diminution of pressure to the rear of said body, whereby fresh liquid is caused to enter the path of travel of said body, some of whic expels the burnt products and then fo lowing the moving body due to the continuing momentun| of its first impulse entrains a fresh combustible charge, then utilizing the momentum of the return movement of said body together with its head or pressure to compress the charge.

7. The method which consists in reciproeating a body of liquid through a path of travel of required extent, the initial movement'of said reciprocation being due to an expansive force, utilizing part of the momentum due to the first impulseto entrain more liquid, utilizing a movement in direction opposite that of first impulse to expel burnt products, and the momentum of a movement in the direction of the first impulse to entrain fresh combustible charge.

8. The method which consists in reciprocating a body yof liquid through a path of travel of required extent, the initial movement of saidreciprocation being due to an expansive force, utilizing part of the moment-um due to the. first impulse to entrain more liquid, utilizlng a movement in di-y rection opposite to that of first impulse to expel burnt products, amovement in the direction of the firstimpulse 'to entrain fresh combustible charge, and the-momentum of a ret-urn movement to compress Vthe charge.

9. The method which consists in reciproeating a body of liquid through ya path of travel of required extent, the initial movement of said reciprocation being due to an expansiveforce, utilizing part of the momentum due to the First impulse to entrain more liquid, utilizing a movement in direction oppositeuthat of first impulse to expel products of combustion,l a movement in the direction of the first impulse to entrain vfresh combustible charge, and the momentum of a return movement plusthe head of said body of liquid to compress the charge.

10. The method which'consists in reciproeating a continuous body of liquid of required volume Vand -path of travel, the outstroke movement due to an expansive force, t-he instroke movement due to head or pressure when the momentum of the outstroke is spent, utilizing th`"momentum of the outstroke to permit inflow of fresh liquid to discharge burnt products, and to entrain a fresh combustible charge.

11. The method which `consists in reciprocating a continuous body of liquid of required volume and path of travel, an outstrolre movement being due to an expansive force, and an instroke movement due to head or pressure when the momentum of the outstroke is spent, and utilizing thc momentum of the liquid whereby fresh liquid is introduced, burnt products are displaced and a fresh combustible charge is entrained and compressed.

12. The art of utilizing the expansive force of a combustible charge, which consists in compressing the charge by the pressure of a body of liquid, expanding the charge against 'said body to cause an outstroke, utilizing the momentum of the outstrolcc,

l which produces a diminution of pressure to the rear of the body, to cause fresh liquid to fiow into the path of travel of said body and also to displace burnt products, utilizing the momentum of the liquid to entrain a fresh combustible charge and utilizing momentum of the inst-rohe due to head, after momentum of outstroke is'spent, to compress the fresh charge.

l13. The art of utilizing the expansive force of a combustible charge, Which consists in reciprocating a body of liquid through a path of sufcient length to insure the acquisition by the body of necessary momentum, said body being continuous and said pat-h being unobstructed and unconstricted, utilizing the momentum of the liquid to entrain a fresh combustible charge.

14.' The art of utilizing the expansive force ot a combustible charge, which consists in reciproca-ting a body of liquid through a path of sufficient length to insure the acquisition b v the body of useful momentum, said body being continuous and said path being unobstructed and unconstricted, utilizing the' momentum of the liquid to entrain and compressa fresh combustible charge.

15. The art .of utilizing the expansive f orce of a combustible charge, which consists in reciprocating a continuous body of liquid of required volume and path of travel, a movement in one direction due to said expansive force, a movement in opposite direction due to the head or pressure of the body when the momentum in the first direction is spent, utilizing the momentum of the liquid to cause a diminution of pressure behind the moving'body whereby fresh liquid is ent-rained, part following tire movexpelled and a fresh expansib ing body and part displacing the burnt products, utilizing the direct-ion of'ow of the liquid to control the exit for burnt products and the inlet for fresh combustible charge.

16. The art of 'utilizing an expansive force, which consists in causing the free reciprocation of a body of liquid, a movement in one direction of said reciprocation being due to said expansive force, utilizing the momentum of said movements of the liquid in both directions whereby liquid is de livered to a greater head, fresh liquid is entrained, burnt products are expelled and a fresh expansible charge is entrained 4und compressed. Y

1.7. The art of utilizing an ex ansive force, which consists in causing the ree reciprocation of a body of liquid, a movementin one direction of said reciprocation being due to said expansive force, utilizin 'the momentum of said movements of the iquid in both directions whereby energy is stored. fresh liquid is entrained, burnt products are e charge is entrained and compressed.

1S. The art of utilizing an expansive force which consists in causing the free recipr cation of a body of liquid, a movement in one direction of said reciprocation being due to said expansive force, a return movement being automatically due t0 said head or pressure when the liquid comes to rest at lthe end of the first movement, utilizing the momentum of said movements whereby energy stored, fresh liquid is entrained, burnt products are expelled and a fresh expansible charge is entra-ined a-ndcompressed, and controlling the exit for burnt products and the inlet for expansible charge relatively to the direction of iow of the body of liquid.

19. The art.of utilizing the expansive torce of' an ignited combustible charge under pressure, which consists in the free reciqirocation of a body of" liquid, a move mont in one direction of said reciprocation being duc to said expansive force, utilizing the momentum of said movements of. the in both directions whereby energy is al, :fresh liquid is entrained, burnt iducts are expelled and fresh combustible charges are untrained and compressed, and automatitmlly controlling the exit for burnt products and the inlet for combustible charge in order to secure the steps above enumerated.

20. The art of utilizing the expansive force of a compressed combustible charge in the movement of liquid, which consists in forcing the liquid to greater heador pressure by said expansive force, utilizin the momentum of said movementI to intro nce a fresh combustible charge, perlnittin some of the liquid to return under said h ad or press the pressure and utilizing the momentum thereof to com ress the fresh charge.

21. he art of utilizing the expansive force of a compressed combustible charge in the movement of liquid, which consists in forcing the liquid to greater head or pressure by said expansive force, utilizing the momentum of said movementto introlduce fresh liquid and a fresh combustible charge, permitting some of. me, liquid to return under said head or `p'essure and utilizing the momentum thereof to compress the fresh charge.'

22. The art of utilizing the expansive force of a compressed-combustible charge in the movement 0f liquid, which consists in forcing the liquid to greater head or pressure by said expansive force, utilizing th'c moment-um of said movement to introduce fresh liquid and a fresh combustible charge, permitting some of the liquid to return under said head or pressure, utilizing the momentum thereof to com ress the fresh charge, and utilizing the mowing fresh liquid to discharge burnt products.

23. The method of raising or forcing liquid by the energy of expansion of an ignited combustible mixture, which consists in allowing t-he energy of expansion to act upon one end of a column of liquidso as to im art momentum to the said column of liqui and force itI to a greater head or pressure, allowing the momentum of the moving column 0f liquid to produce a diminution of pressure in the rear of the column and thus entrain fresh combustible mixture, allowing t-he column ofliquid to return under action of its head or pressure, and utilizing the momentum acquired b the returning column to compress the frcs 1 combustible mixture.

24. The method of raising or forcing liquid by the energy of expansion of un ignited combustible mixture, which consistsI in allowing the energy of expansion io act upon one end of the column of liquid so as to impart momentum to the column of liquid and force it to a greater head or pressure, allowing the momentum of the column of liquid to produce adimi'nution of pressure in the rear ofthe colulnn and thus entrain fresh liquid and fresh combustible mixture, allowing the coluum of liquid to return under action of its head or pressure, and utilizing the momentum acquired by the returning columnV tocom i fresh combustible mixture.

25. The method of raising or forcing liquid by the energy of expansion of an ignited combust-iblc mixture, which consists in allowing the energy of expansion to rft upon one end of a column of liquid so as to impart momentum to the column of liquid and force it to a greater head or pres sure, allowing the momentum of theco'. Ima

combustible mixture, allowing; ibo Column of liquid lo return under aoiiou oi is head or pressure, and u'iliziug momentum acquired by the ietuning column o oompress the fresh combustible mixture Q6. The method, of uising or oifciugg liquid comprising die following cycle :-(l) ignition of a compressed combustibie charge, (2) combustion and expansion of said eiieige and outward movement of a Column of liquid, admission of fresh iiquid undef the reduced pressure caused by the moving column, (4) expulsion of the products of combustion by a part of the liquid admitted, (5) cutting oil. the supply of fresh liquid and admitting a fresh combustible Charge under the. suction caused by the moving column, (6) compression of the fresh charge by the inward movement of the column.

ln iestimony whereof We have signed our names io this specification in the presence 'of 'two subsoibiug Witnesses.

H. A. HUMPHREY. A. CERASOLI. lfitnesses DLWEB IMRAY, @MYER J. MRAY. 

